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Derechos | Equipo Nizkor
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Derechos | Equipo Nizkor
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25Aug13
'Little Doubt' of Chemical Attack by Syria, White House Says
In a sign that the United States may be a step closer to military action in Syria, a senior Obama administration official said on Sunday that there was "very little doubt" that President Bashar al-Assad's military forces had used chemical weapons against civilians last week and that a promise to allow United Nations inspectors access to the site was"too late to be credible."
The official, in a carefully worded written statement, said that "based on the reported number of victims, reported symptoms of those who were killed or injured, witness accounts and other facts gathered by open sources, the U.S. intelligence community, and international partners, there is very little doubt at this point that a chemical weapon was used by the Syrian regime against civilians."
The official, who released the statement under the condition of anonymity, described the attack on Wednesday in a Damascus suburb, which reportedly killed hundreds of civilians, as "indiscriminate," suggesting that the episode might be different from earlier, smaller-scale suspected chemical attacks.
But the official did not suggest that President Obama, who has been extremely reluctant to involve American forces directly in another conflict in the Middle East, had decided on a military response. "We are continuing to assess the facts so the president can make an informed decision about how to respond to this indiscriminate use of chemical weapons," the official said.
White House administration officials said on Sunday that Syrian officials had refused to let United Nations inspector see the site of the attack. But Syrian television subsequently reported that there was an agreement to allow access beginning on Monday. The administration official who released the statement said the offer, even if sincere, might be meaningless because of the time that had already passed since the attack.
"The evidence available has been significantly corrupted as a result of the regime's persistent shelling and other intentional actions over the last five days," the official said. Determining the nature of the attack could affect the course of Western involvement in the civil war.
In a statement on the state-run SANA news agency, the Syrian Foreign Ministry said the government was ready to cooperate with the United Nations inspectors "to expose the false allegations of the terrorist groups accusing the Syrian forces of using chemical weapons."
The Syrian government has denied that it used chemical weapons, and on Saturday it said its soldiers had found chemical supplies in areas seized from rebel forces. Russia, an ally of the Syrian government's, accused the rebels of using the weapons, but few analysts believe they have the supplies or ability to do so.
In response to Washington's comments, Moscow cautioned against being too quick to assign blame. "We strongly urge those who, in trying to impose their opinion on U.N. experts ahead of the results of an investigation, announce the possibility of military action against Syria, to exercise discretion and not make tragic mistakes," the Russian Foreign Ministry said in a statement, according to Reuters.
Syria warned that any American military action would "create a ball of fire that will inflame the Middle East," according The Associated Press. And Iranian state news media quoted the Tehran government as saying that any intervention by Washington would have severe consequences.
The Israeli government on Sunday suggested that the use of chemical weapons must not go without a response. "This situation must not be allowed to continue," Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu said, referring to the Syrian civilians "who were so brutally attacked by weapons of mass destruction."
"The most dangerous regimes in the world must not be allowed to possess the most dangerous weapons in the world," he added.
In Washington, several lawmakers said on Sunday that they now expected limited military action to punish Syria or deter chemical attacks.
But lawmakers who appeared on Sunday talks show said that it would be reckless to insert ground troops into a chaotic war in a region already in turmoil, and there was a general call for any action to be taken under the broadest possible international auspices.
"I hope the president as soon as we get back to Washington will ask for authorization from Congress to do something in a very surgical and proportional way," Senator Bob Corker of Tennessee, the top Republican on the Senate Foreign Relations Committee, told "Fox News Sunday."
But Representative Eliot Engel of New York, the ranking Democrat on the House Foreign Affairs Committee, said the situation might be too urgent to wait for Congress, which does not return from its summer recess until Sept. 9. Mr. Engel suggested that there were many options for air attacks launched from outside Syrian airspace.
Senator Jack Reed, Democrat of Rhode Island and a member of the Armed Services Committee, said any military option should be carefully circumscribed. "We can't let ourselves get into a situation where this becomes a springboard for a generalized military situation with Syria to try to change the dynamic" of the hostilities there. "This has to be an international operation," Mr. Reed said on CBS's "Face the Nation." "It can't be a unilateral American approach."
On Saturday, Doctors Without Borders, an international aid group, said that on the morning of the reported attack, medical centers it supported near the site received about 3,600 patients showing symptoms consistent with exposure to toxic nerve agents.
Of those, 355 died, the aid group said.
The statement was the first issued by an international organization working in Syria about the attack on Wednesday in the suburbs northeast of Damascus. Anti-government activists have said that hundreds of people were killed when government forces pelted the area with rockets spewing poisoned gas.
Doctors Without Borders said it could not confirm what substances caused the symptoms it reported on Saturday or who was responsible for the attack, but its report appears to lend credibility to other accounts by witnesses and to the opposition's estimates of the number of dead.
The aid group said the symptoms were reported by three medical facilities it supported in the area of the reported attack. The group's statement said that during three hours on Wednesday morning, the clinics received patients who had symptoms indicating exposure to a chemical nerve agent, including breathing problems, dilated pupils, convulsions, foaming at the mouth and blurred vision. Many of the medics in the centers also experienced some symptoms, said Stephen Cornish, one of the group's executive directors. One of the medics died.
"When you put these elements together," he said, "what it suggests to us is a neurotoxic agent."
The Syrian Observatory for Human Rights said on Saturday that it had confirmed the deaths of 322 people in the attack, including 54 children, 82 women, 16 people who could not be identified and dozens of rebel fighters. The group, based in Britain, said its activists had visited the area, spoken to residents and collected medical reports and videos indicating that most of the people dead were killed by exposure to toxic gas.
Last year, Mr. Obama called the use of chemical arms in Syria a red line that could prompt a harsh American response, but recent statements by American officials saying they believed that Mr. Assad's forces had used chemical weapons "on a small scale" several times in the past year have not led to a significant public change in American involvement in the war.
Mr. Obama has supported an investigation into Wednesday's attack, but he has expressed hesitance about getting the United States involved militarily. After the president met with his national security staff on Wednesday, the White House issued a statement, slightly less assertive than the British one, saying that American intelligence agencies were still trying to "gather facts to ascertain what occurred."
The White House official said Mr. Obama had "received a detailed review of a range of potential options" at the meeting, but the statement did not specify what the options were.
Pentagon officials said Saturday that Gen. Martin E. Dempsey, the chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff, would leave for Jordan this weekend to attend a long-scheduled meeting of regional military chiefs at which the situation in Syria was certain to be discussed. Pentagon officials also said that the Navy had increased its presence in the eastern Mediterranean Sea to four destroyers, each carrying long-range Tomahawk cruise missiles similar to those launched in past American attacks on Afghanistan, Iraq and Libya.
The Navy historically has deployed two destroyers in the eastern Mediterranean, but had quietly added one more over recent months. The Navy's commander in the region added a fourth, at least temporarily, by delaying a scheduled return to port for one warship and accelerating the arrival of its replacement.
[Source: By Scott Shane and Ben Hubbard, The New York Times, 25Aug13]
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